上一集我們帶您看到了，雖然外蒙古經濟快速成長，但兩成人口依舊生活在貧窮線下、孩子被父母遺棄，以下水道為家，而下集，我們將來看看除了傳統農牧之外，礦業和資訊業的發展，讓國際熱錢持續湧入，經濟上爆發性的成長，去年經濟成長率已經超過17%，首都街道跟所有現代化大城一樣，為塞車所苦。當生活不再只是騎馬馳騁在大草原上，現代化的種種的問題，也殘酷的考驗著這些大漠子民。透過鏡頭，帶您前進蒙古國。
上一集，我們介紹了外蒙古因為開始現代化而出現種種的問題，採訪小組繼續挺進，距離烏蘭巴托，兩百八十公里遠的中戈壁省，去了解孩童們的教育情況，葛溫伊盧第是蒙古中戈壁，第一所學校，2012年蒙古開始將國民義務教育，由九年延長到十二年。
葛溫伊盧第成為同時收納，一到十二年級的完全中學。
在這裡學校每天只上四節課，老師在課堂上，從最基本的洗手開始教起。
看到很少瞧見的攝影機，小女生們大方地，在鏡頭前暢談志願。
十六歲的拜婭策策，跟其它蒙古人一樣，有著一副好歌喉，她用奔放嘹亮的嗓音，唱出傳統長調。
至於這位十四歲小男生不愛念書，而嚮往自由自在的遊牧生活，家裡畜養的數百隻牲口 全都歸他管。
[[蒙古學童]]
”我喜歡照顧動物 ，我享受這種生活”
確實在蒙古大學中，女生的就學比例，比男生多了一倍以上 嚴重失衡。
[[台灣世界展望會長 杜明翰]]
”因為遊牧民族他們的孩子，他們上小學從一年級開始，也許男女生的比例是一樣的，但是到了中年級 高年級的時候，這些男生就會被要求，照顧他們家裡的牲口，因為主要是他們生計的來源，當地政府他們也看到這個問題 ，所以就透過一些方法，來改善這個狀況 ，對一些中高年級開始 ，長得比較大的男生來講 ，提供一些職業教育”
教育失衡之外，落後的醫療問題，更是蒙古面臨的挑戰。
今年兩歲半的瑪拉瑪，出生時缺氧，導致健康受到影響，再加上沒有辦法從母乳中，獲得足夠營養，讓她從小得到佝僂症，走起路來很不平穩。
像瑪拉瑪這樣，營養不良的孩童，全蒙古大約有三成二的比例，還好多虧了慈善團體的協助，媽媽開始讓她服用維他命D，才終於擺脫掉體重不足，和貧血問題，變得白白胖胖。
自由經濟體制，逐漸在這個北國大漠生根，經濟成長率逐逐年攀升，2011年更達到17.3%，再加上蒙古的礦藏，金 鐵 錫 鎢 煤 螢石，蘊藏量豐富，銅礦 鉬礦的存量，更居亞洲之首，國外熱錢不斷湧入。
[[台灣駐蒙古代表 楊心怡]]
”蒙古國現在國家計畫發展的重點來講，它是以資訊業 農牧業 礦產，還有基礎建設這四大項，是他們做為國家發展的一個，重點建設的項目之一，很多世界上的重要經濟組織，都認為他們未來十年之內的成長，大概都會到兩位數字以上”
In the second of our two-part series on Mongolia, we look at challenges this landlocked country faces as it transitions from a nomadic to a modern society. First we head to a rural area to see the conflict between traditional farm life and compulsory education requirements. After, we return to the capital, where infrastructure lags behind urbanization.
Recently we examined Mongolia’s modernization and some of the urban problems it has encountered. Now we head 280 kilometers away from the capital of Ulaanbaatar to deep in Gobi province, to learn about the education of children in the area. Govin Ireeduii is Gobi province’s first school. Its burden increased last year when Mongolia extended compulsory education from nine to 12 years.
The school then had to educate students from grades 1 to 12.
Four classes are offered a day. Teachers begin with the most basic skill: hand-washing.
These children rarely see video cameras. The young girl openly talks about her aspirations.
This 16-year-old girl has a terrific voice, like many other Mongolians. She uses it to sing a traditional song.
As for this 14-year-old boy, he doesn’t like to study. He yearns for the freedom of nomadic life. His family has hundreds of animals under his care.
Mongolia Schoolchild
I like to take care for animals. This is the type of life I enjoy.
At Mongolia University the proportion of girls is nearly double that of boys, indicating a serious imbalance.
Hank Du
World Vision Taiwan
They are children of nomads. From first grade in elementary school the ratio of boys to girls is even. But when it comes to high school, many of these boys have to take care of their family’s animals, which is the main source of their livelihood. Local governments also see this problem and are looking for ways to improve the situation. Some are offering vocational education in middle school and high school.
Besides educational imbalances among the sexes, Mongolia faces tremendous challenges providing medical care.
This toddler lacked oxygen at birth, which led to later health problems. Worse yet, she couldn’t get enough nutrition from breast milk, causing debilitating childhood rickets.
About a third of Mongolian children suffer from malnourishment. Fortunately, thanks to the assistance of charities, her mother began to feed her vitamin D to increase her weight and cure her anemia.
A free market capitalist system is beginning to gradually take root in this northern desert region, and economic growth is increasing annually. In 2011 growth was over 17 percent, driven in large part by mineral resources such as gold, iron, tin, tungsten and coal. Mongolia benefits from its mines, which are the best in Asia, but they also attract destabilizing hot foreign money.
Yang Syin-yi
Taiwan Representatives to Mongolia
Mongolia’s focus on national development includes the four major areas of information industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and mineral deposits. The key to this country’s development is infrastructure projects, and many international economic groups believe it can sustain double digit growth over the next 10 years.
文章出處 民視英語新聞
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