英倫翻譯社/ Trsmaster

Sandy brought a record-breaking storm surge, flooding tunnels and subway stations and forcing an evacuation of lower Manhattan.

Strong winds and rain accompanied Sandy as it made landfall in New Jersey’s Ocean City, which became a vast expanse of water. A CNN reporter braved difficult conditions to report on the scene.

CNN Reporter
This water, this is ocean water, there are waves in the streets of downtown Atlantic City.

At around 8 pm Eastern Daylight Time on Oct. 29, Sandy made landfall in Delaware, New Jersey and Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay.

CNN Reporter

Sandy’s strong winds and heavy rain led US President Barack Obama to call upon everyone to follow evacuation instructions issued by local governments. New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg also stepped forward to address the public. 

Michael Bloomberg
New York City Mayor
The worst of the weather has come and the city certainly is feeling the impact. At the Battery we have seen record surge levels. We've seen an extraordinary amount of water throughout lower Manhattan. There are trees down throughout the city.

超級颶風桑蒂挾帶強風豪雨襲美，總統歐巴馬呼籲民眾務必聽從地方政府的指示，被要求撤離時。而受災嚴重的紐約，市長彭博也直言桑蒂對紐約帶來嚴重的災害。

[[紐約市長 彭博]]

It was being called Superstorm Sandy when it made landfall at about 8pm in New Jersey. It wreaked havoc along the northeastern seaboard. Since then it was downgraded to a post-tropical cyclone, but forecasters warned it was still packing destructive force. 

Sandy has been a strange storm. It combined with another system over Virginia to bring heavy snow. Some areas were expected to receive as much as 60 to 90 centimeters of flurries. Sandy is now heading north to northeast, its power dropping as it moves further from the sea. Better weather is expected on Wednesday.

桑蒂颶風在台北時間今天上午，在美東的新澤西州登陸後，造成嚴重災情。目前桑蒂的威力，雖已減弱為溫帶風暴，但氣象預報顯示，桑蒂還可能為美國東北地區帶來更嚴重的災情。

桑蒂目前朝北北東方向前進，距離海洋越來越遠，威力也將逐漸減弱，美國東岸地區的天氣可望在週三開始好轉。

A：雖然這兩句的結構不同，I worry about you. 中的 worry 為不及物動詞，而 I am worried about you. 中的 worried 為分詞形容詞，但它們的意思幾無不同，皆為「我擔心你」或「我為你擔憂」；此外，它們的文法都正確。

然而，它們的含意並不相同。I worry about you. 是一般性或普遍性的陳述，是指說話者一直以來或大多數時間都為此人擔憂，是一種長期或持久性的擔憂，而 I am worried about you. 則有一項「現在」的元素存在，表示說話者對說話當時所見所聞或最近所發生的某一特殊情況的憂慮、擔心。為了讓讀者瞭解它們之間的語意差異，茲將這兩句加以延伸如下：

1. I worry about you because I’m your mother. (我擔心你，因為我是你母親)
2. I’m worried about you; you’re looking very thin. (我為你擔憂；你看起來好瘦哦)

母親向來都為子女操心，所以在第 1 句中，母親為子女擔憂是一種普遍性的情況，不是特殊情況。第 2 句為特殊情況，因為你平常可能體重很正常，但此時此景你看起來瘦巴巴的，所以我為你擔心。

文章出處：英文資訊交流網

A：首先來看 I never knew it.，這句有兩個意思。由於過去式是在表示動作或狀態發生在過去、結束在過去，所以 I never knew it. 可能被認為主詞所指的那個人已不在人世，因此他或她再也不知道或永遠都不知道那件事了。譬如說，She never married. 這句十之八九會被認為她已過世，所以我們才說「她從未結過婚」，否則即使七老八十都不能被排除結婚的可能性。不過，"I never knew" 也是一句現在常用的口語，意為「我以前一直不知道」，如 I never knew that John was married. (我以前一直不知道約翰結婚了) － 這是說，我在說話當時才知道約翰已經結婚了，以前並不知道。再舉一例：

• A：Vivian’s got a 20-year son. (薇薇安有個 20 歲大的兒子)
• B：Oh, I never knew! (哦，我以前一直不知道)

同樣地，這是我第一次知道薇薇安有個這麼大的兒子，以前並不知道，到現在才知道。

至於 I’ve never known it.，這是現在完成式與 never 連用的句型。現在完成式是在表示動作或狀態發生在過去，一直持續到現在或到現在依然存在。所以這句的意思是說，我一生中或有生以來直到現在都不知道、不瞭解或不懂得某件事。例如：

• I’ve never had any problems with my teeth. (我的牙齒從未發生任何毛病)
• I’ve never known how to do algebra. (我一直以來都不會代數)
• I’ve never understood why you moved to Mainland China. (我一直不瞭解你搬到中國大陸的原因)

這三句都是說，從出生開始或過去某個時間點開始一直到現在，我都沒有過某種經驗、不知道或不瞭解某件事，即使在說話的當時亦然。

值得注意的是，由於 have, know 和 understand 都是狀態動詞 (static verbs)，而一般通常使用簡單現在式來敘述目前存在的狀態。所以，下面三句比上面三句更為常見：

• I don’t have any problems with my teeth.
• I don’t know how to do algebra.
• I don’t understand why you moved to Mainland China.