英倫翻譯社/ Trsmaster

A butterfly’s ability to absorb or reflect heat from the sun with its wings could be a matter of life and death in a warming world, according to British research published Thursday calling for gardens, parks and farms to host shady, cooling-off spots.

根據英國研究機構週四發布的研究報告，由於全球日益暖化，蝴蝶翅膀吸收與反射太陽熱能的能力，可能攸關該物種的生死存亡， 呼籲花園、公園與農場設置遮陽、降溫設施。

While all butterflies are ectotherms － they cannot generate their own body heat － the ability to regulate temperature varies significantly, researchers said.

研究人員指出，雖然所有蝴蝶都是變溫動物，不能自體發熱，但蝴蝶調節溫度的能力差別很大。

The study found that bigger, pale-coloured butterflies, like the Large White or Brimstone species, are better at thermoregulation because they can angle their wings to reflect the sun’s heat either away from them or onto their bodies to attain the right temperature.

研究發現，體型較大、淺白色的蝴蝶，像是歐洲粉蝶（Large White）或是鉤粉蝶（Brimstone），比較能夠調節體溫，因為牠們能調整翅膀的角度，反射或吸收太陽的熱量，以調節合適體溫。

英倫翻譯轉自

https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1405509

In just 50 years, 2 billion to 3.5 billion people will be living in a climate that historically has been too hot to handle.

50年內，有20億至35億人將活在難以忍受的歷史性高溫氣候中。

Under the worst-case scenarios, the study in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences predicts about 3.5 billion people will live in extremely hot areas. That’s a third of the projected 2070 population.

《美國國家科學院院刊》一項研究推測，在最糟糕的情況下，約35億人將活在極端高溫地區，相當於2070年預估人口的3分之1。

In an unusual way to look at climate change, a team of international scientists studied humans like they do bears, birds and bees to find the "climate niche" where people and civilizations flourish.

一個從特殊方式看待氣候變遷的國際科學家團隊，像研究熊、鳥、蜜蜂一樣研究人類，找出人類及其文明繁盛的「氣候利基」。

They looked back 6,000 years to come up with a sweet spot of temperatures for humanity：Average annual temperatures between 11 to 15 degrees Celsius.（AP）

他們回溯過去6000年，發現人類的「溫度舒適帶」為年均溫攝氏11度至15度之間。

英倫翻譯轉自

https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1404689

A pungent smell hangs in the early morning air as researchers collect samples of sewage dumped into a river in Nepal － a cost-effective way to trace the coronavirus spread for the resource-strapped Himalayan nation.

研究人員在尼泊爾一條河流採取排放到河中的污水樣本，空氣中飄著一股強烈的臭味—對於這個資源拮据的喜馬拉雅山國家來說，這是追蹤冠狀病毒散播情況的一種划算方式。

"When you are limited in the resources that are available for testing and screening, this is a quick and easy way － and a cheaper way － of finding hotspots," said Dibesh Karmacharya, who co-founded Center for Molecular Dynamics Nepal, the NGO leading the research.

「當你篩檢所需資源有限，這是找出熱點的便捷方法，而且比較便宜」，率領這項研究的非政府組織「尼泊爾分子動態中心」共同創辦人卡瑪查亞說。

With some cases asymptomatic, the community-wide nature of the testing, rather than at an individual level, could help pick up the disease in places where it may not appear to be present. （AFP）

由於有些感染病例是無症狀，這種檢測方式涵蓋全社區，而非針對個人，有助於在疫情或許尚未浮現的地方得知病毒蹤跡。（法新社）

英倫翻譯轉自

https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1404482

It looked like a scene from science fiction. Emerging from United States Air Force planes, four-legged robot dogs scampered onto an airfield in the Mojave Desert, offering a possible preview into the future of warfare.

看起來像是科幻作品的一幕。美國空軍飛機上出現幾隻4腳的機器狗，蹦蹦跳跳地跑進莫哈韋沙漠的機場，提供未來戰爭的一種可能預示。

Flying into a possibly hostile airstrip aboard an Air Force C-130, the robot dogs were sent outside the aircraft to scout for threats before the humans inside would be exposed to them, according to an Air Force news release dated September 3.

美國空軍9月3日發布的新聞指出，這幾隻機器狗搭乘空軍C-130運輸機，飛進可能的敵軍機場跑道被送出飛機，在裡面的人類暴露前先行偵察威脅。

The electronic canines are just one link in what the US military calls the Advanced Battle Management System（ABMS）. It uses artificial intelligence and rapid data analytics to detect and counter threats to US military assets in space and possible attacks on the US homeland with missiles.

電子狗是美國軍方「先進戰鬥管理系統（ABMS）」的環節之一。它使用人工智慧與快速資料分析，去偵測與應對空中針對美國軍事資產的威脅，與可能針對美國國土的飛彈攻擊。

英倫翻譯轉自

https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1404270

New York City diners may soon see a Covid-19 surcharge on their bills as the restaurant industry continues to hobble due to the coronavirus pandemic.

由於冠狀病毒大流行疫情，餐飲業的處境仍然艱難，紐約市的食客們可能很快就會在帳單上看到Covid-19（新型冠狀病毒病，武漢肺炎）附加費。

The New York City Council passed a bill on Wednesday 46-2 that would allow restaurants to charge as much as 10% on customers dining indoors or outdoors to help cover Covid-19 expenses.

紐約市議會週三以46票贊成、2票反對通過一項法案，允許餐廳向在室內或室外用餐的顧客收取最高10％的費用，以協助承擔Covid-19的開銷。

Labeled the "COVID-19 Recovery Charge," the surcharge does not add to the bill’s overall tax, nor applies to delivery or takeout orders. A restaurant implementing the surcharge is free to use the new funds however it likes, though it must also make it clear that the surcharge is not a substitute for a tip or gratuity for waitstaff.

這項附加費被稱為「COVID-19疫情恢復費」，不計入帳單的計稅總額，也不適用於外送和外帶訂單。收取「疫情恢復費」的餐廳可自由支配這筆錢，但必須釐清附加費不能替代服務員的小費或酬金。

英倫翻譯轉自

https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1404039