深海探勘家發現了兩艘沉沒於二戰的日本航空母艦。

The carriers were among seven ships that went down in the Battle of Midway, a major air and sea battle fought between the US and Japan in 1942.

這幾艘航母是中途島戰役中沉沒的7艘船之2，中途島戰役是1942年美日之間的重要海空戰役。

One ship, the Kaga, was discovered last week, while wreckage from another carrier, Akagi, was found on Sunday.

其中一艘「加賀號」於上週被發現，而另一艘航母「赤城號」的殘骸，則在週日被發現。

This month’s discoveries came after weeks of searching by crew members based on the vessel Petrel. The Petrel is owned by Vulcan Inc, a company created by the late Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen.

在研究船「海燕號」上的工作團隊搜索數週後，才有了本月的發現。「海燕號」隸屬於已逝的微軟共同創辦人艾倫，創立的瓦肯公司。

The crew deployed an autonomous underwater vehicle （AUV） fitted with sonar, which helped to pinpoint the locations of the Kaga and Akagi.

Its solution? Making lots of deepfakes of its own, to help researchers build and refine detection tools.

提出因應「深度偽造」的解決方案？臉書自己產製大量深偽影片，助力研究者創建及改善辨識工具。

The rise of deepfakes has been driven by recent advances in machine learning. Algorithms capable of capturing and re-creating a person’s likeness have already been used to make point-and-click tools for pasting a person’s face onto someone else.

機器學習的技術進展助長了深偽的崛起。能夠捕捉及重現人物肖像的演算法，已被應用在點擊式工具的製作，它能把人臉貼在另一個人身上。

Facebook will dedicate $10 million. Together with Microsoft and academics from institutions including MIT, UC Berkeley, and Oxford University, the company is launching the Deepfake Detection Challenge, which will offer unspecified cash rewards for the best detection methods.

臉書將貢獻1000萬美元。與微軟及學術機構麻省理工學院、加州大學柏克萊分校、牛津大學等，一起推出「辨識深偽挑戰賽」，該挑戰賽將頒發未指定金額的獎金給最優秀的檢測方法。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1327942

The measure came after mounting calls for the internet portal website to address cyberbullying targeting celebrities and people in general. The calls intensified after singer-turned-actress Sulli passed away last week in an apparent suicide. While the cause of death was not made public, it was widely believed Sulli had been suffering from depression.

該措施係在要求入口網站解決鎖定名人和一般人的網路霸凌的呼聲愈來愈高後提出。在歌手轉型為演員的雪莉上週過世、死因顯然是自殺後，這樣的呼聲變得更大。儘管尚未公開死因，但外界咸認為雪莉死前受憂鬱症所苦。

Kakao, however, said the decision had not been made because of a single case and that there had been heated debate over the issue for a long time. The company also decided to suspend its “related search words” service for celebrities immediately for its messenger app, Kakao Talk.

然而，Kakao指稱，長久以來就有關於該議題的熱烈論辯，並非因個案而做出實施新措施的決定。該公司亦決定立即暫停其通訊應用程式Kakao Talk針對名人的「相關搜尋字詞」服務。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1327534

The annual event, which started in 1994, allows shepherds to exercise their right to use traditional routes to migrate their livestock from northern Spain to more southerly pastures for winter grazing.

這項始於1994年的年度活動，允許牧羊人使用傳統路線的權利，把羊群從西班牙北部遷到比較南邊的牧場進行冬季放牧。

The route would have taken them through undeveloped countryside a few centuries ago, but today it cuts through Madrid’s bustling city center and along some of its most famous streets.

這條路線幾世紀前帶牠們通過尚未開發的鄉間，但它今日穿越馬德里繁華熱鬧的市中心，途經一些名氣最響亮的街道。

Sheep farmers pay a nominal charge in symbolic acknowledgement of a 1418 agreement with the city council that set a fee of 50 maravedis - medieval coins - per 1,000 sheep brought through the central Sol square and Gran Via street.

牧羊人支付了名義上的費用，象徵性地認可1418年與市議會達成的收費協議，每引領千頭綿羊穿越市中心太陽門廣場和格蘭大道，付費50枚馬拉維第—一種中世紀硬幣。

The herd includes 2,000 merino sheep and 100 goats.（Reuters）

The six, aged 16 to 25, lived with their 58-year-old father near Ruinerwold, a village in the northern province of Drenthe, and had no contact with the outside world, RTV Drenthe reported.

據「RTV Drenthe」報導，這6人的年齡介於16歲至25歲，他們與58歲的父親一起生活在荷蘭東北部德倫特省的小村莊魯那沃爾德，和外界毫無聯繫。

An employee at a local cafe told RTV Drenthe one of the family members, a 25-year-old man, had come in looking scruffy and bewildered with long hair and said he had not been outside for nine years.

當地一名咖啡館員工告訴RTV Drenthe，家庭成員之一、外表邋遢的25歲長髮男子，當時一臉困惑地走進咖啡館，並表示他已經9年沒出過門。

A police statement on Twitter said officers searched the farm after being tipped off.

警方透過「推特」發表聲明表示，警察在獲報後搜索農舍。

"The owner of the premises did not want to cooperate so was detained," police spokeswoman Natalie Schubart told broadcaster RTL. She said six family members were being cared for after being found in a "closed-off space".

Fans of "awson," as the outlet in this popular hot spring resort area is now commonly known, have heaped praise on Shusaku Yoshimoto for leaving the L alone.

這家位於這處知名溫泉區、如今通常被以「奧森」之名廣為周知的超商的粉絲，對（店主）吉本周作不處理L字母燈泡之舉，讚譽有加。

A pair of swallows are raising chicks in the nest in a snug space beside the letter.

一對燕子在這個字母旁邊的凹槽空間築巢與養育雛鳥。

Yoshimoto spotted the nest in May last year, when workers came to fix the sign after all the bulbs burned out.

吉本在去年5月、工人來修理這個燈泡全都燒掉的招牌時，發現這個鳥巢。

The repairmen said they couldn’t do the job unless they ripped out the nest, so Yoshimoto postponed it until the chicks were ready to take off.

The nation is the world’s second-biggest marine polluter behind China and has pledged to reduce plastic waste in its waters some 70 percent by 2025.

印尼是僅次於中國的全球第2大海洋污染國，因此已承諾在2025年前，將其海域的塑膠廢棄物減少約70％。

The Surabaya scheme has been a hit in the city of 2.9 million, with nearly 16,000 passengers trading trash for free travel each week, according to authorities.

當局表示，人口290萬的泗水市採取的作法大受歡迎，每週有近1萬6000名乘客用垃圾換取免費搭乘公車。

An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles, five medium bottles or 10 plastic cups. But they must be cleaned and cannot be squashed.

搭公車1小時須付3個大瓶罐、5個中瓶罐或10個塑膠杯子；這些瓶罐都必須清洗乾淨，而且不能被壓扁。

Franki Yuanus, a Surabaya transport official, says the program aims not only to cut waste but also to tackle traffic congestion by encouraging people to switch to public transit.（AFP）

永不妥協 (Erin Brockovich), 2000

#解憂電影院 No.379

讀者來信，節錄如下：

“ 嗨水某你好，上次在高雄的講座，很想請教你一個問題，但現場來不及問到，所以搬來這邊發問了！

想問問當初從外文系畢業後進入行銷這個領域有做什麼功課嗎？

我目前是個剛畢業的新鮮人，就讀的是醫學相關的系所，但目前的身分為小編，一直以來我都是靠書籍來增加自己對於行銷的基本知識，蠻好奇也蠻期待水某可以給我一些建議的～“

我們推薦的電影，是由真人真事改編的《永不妥協》。

Erin 是一個單親媽媽，在經歷過失敗的婚姻之後，獨自要扶養三個孩子。因為一次車禍的訴訟，她認識了一個小律師事務所的負責人Ed；雖然並未贏得官司，但靠著她的毅力，得以在Ed的事務所裡得到了一份打雜的助理工作。

The moons were discovered using the Subaru telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. Each of the newly discovered objects in orbit around Saturn is about 5km in diameter; 17 of them orbit the planet "backwards". The other three moons orbit in a prograde direction - the same direction as Saturn rotates.

研究團隊利用夏威夷毛納基火山上的昴星團望遠鏡，發現這些衛星。每個新發現的衛星直徑均約5公里，其中17顆為逆行衛星。其他3顆為順行衛星，亦即運行方向與土星相同的衛星。

Two of the prograde moons take about two years to travel once around the ringed planet. The more-distant retrograde moons and one of the prograde moons each take more than three years to complete an orbit.

其中兩顆順行衛星約2年繞行這顆有環行星1周。位置較遠的逆行衛星與另1顆順行衛星，則需要3年以上時間才能繞行1周。

The team has initiated a contest to name the moons. They have to be named after giants from Norse, Gallic or Inuit mythology, corresponding to the three different clusters.

研究團隊已發起一場衛星命名大賽。這些衛星必須以北歐神話、高盧神話、伊努特神話的巨人命名，對應3個不同的衛星群。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1324938

The outer diamond measured about 0.2 inches （4.8 millimeters）long, while the wee stowaway spanned about 0.08 inches（2 mm）long and weighed about 0.0001 ounces（0.004 grams）. The hidden gem rattled around inside an air pocket at the heart of the larger stone, and Russian experts who examined the peculiar double gem declared it the only known example of a diamond with another diamond inside it, according to a statement.

這顆鑽石外部的測量長度約0.2英寸（4.8毫米），包藏其內的小鑽石長度約0.08英寸（2毫米）、重量約0.0001盎司（0.004公克）。藏著的寶石在較大寶石中心位置的空氣袋內乒乓作響，檢查過這顆稀有雙重寶石的俄羅斯專家宣稱，這是迄今已知、唯一內部包藏鑽石的鑽石，根據一份聲明。

According to the statement, scientists believe the diamond to be around 800 million years old and suspect that either the smaller diamond formed first and was surrounded by the larger diamond or a layer of crystal.

根據這份聲明，科學家認為這顆鑽石約在8億年前生成，他們猜測兩顆鑽石中較小的那顆首先形成，然後才被較大的鑽石或結晶層包裹住。

This unusual diamond-in-a-diamond drew comparisons to a traditional Russian toy called a matryoshka doll, in which successively smaller wooden dolls are nested inside bigger dolls.

這顆不尋常的「鑽石套鑽石」可與一種被稱為「俄羅斯套娃」的傳統俄羅斯玩具相比較，該玩具係由較小的木頭娃娃嵌套進較大的娃娃內，依序組合而成。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1324497

Luis Juárez Texis, the director of Campus 01 "El Sabinal" at the College of Bachelors, in the Mexican state of Tlaxcala, has been accused of humiliating and breaking the basic human rights of his students, after a photo of him overseeing an exam where the students wore cardboard boxes on their heads went viral online. The students’ parents shared the photo on social media and issued a public statement asking educational authorities in Mexico to dismiss Texis.

路易斯‧華雷斯‧泰克西斯是墨西哥特拉斯卡拉州學士學院第一校區「薩比納爾」的主任。他監考時學生們頭戴紙箱的一張照片在網路上瘋傳後，他被指責羞辱並侵犯學生的基本人權。這些學生的父母在社群媒體上分享這張照片，並發表一份公開聲明，要求墨西哥教育當局解僱泰克西斯。

The photo of the students wearing cardboard boxes with cut-out eye holes that only allowed them to see in front without turning their heads was shared thousands of times since last week and was eventually picked up by mainstream media as well. However, instead of condemning the teacher, most users congratulated him for finding an effective way to prevent cheating.

上週以來，學生們戴著有切口眼孔的紙箱，只讓他們能夠看到前面而不會轉頭的照片，已被分享數千次，最後連主流媒體也跟進報導。然而，大多數用戶不是譴責老師，而是祝賀他找到防止作弊的有效方法。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1323617

臉書本週瘋傳一張赤蠵龜寶寶吞下104塊塑膠片後死去的照片。這張照片週二（10月1日）由美國佛羅里達州博卡拉頓「甘博林博自然中心」發布，在這隻體型不大過人類手掌、已經往生的海龜旁邊，排列著在其消化道內發現的數十塊小塑膠片，它們整齊劃一的排成好幾列。

"It’s washback season at Gumbo Limbo and weak, tiny turtles are washing up along the coastline needing our help," Gumbo Limbo Nature Center staff wrote in the Facebook post. "Unfortunately, not every washback survives. 100% of our washbacks that didn’t make it had plastic in their intestinal tracts." The plastic clogs up the animal’s digestive tract, they wrote.

「這是甘博林博的海龜倒沖季，虛弱的小海龜被海水沖上海岸線，需要我們的救援。」甘博林博自然中心職員在臉書貼文中寫道。「不幸的是，並不是每隻倒沖海龜都能倖存。我們發現無法倖存的倒沖海龜，其腸道內百分之百都有塑膠。」塑膠會堵塞牠們的消化道，貼文寫道。

"Many of these young turtles are dying from plastic impaction. The plastic plugs them up and causes them to go into septic shock," center staff wrote in response to a comment on the Facebook post. "Plastic pollution is the sad world we live in now. We need to do better."

「這些幼龜多數死於塑膠阻塞。塞在牠們體內的塑膠，導致牠們敗血性休克，」自然中心職員回覆臉書留言時寫道。「我們現已生存在悲慘的塑膠污染世界。我們需要有所作為。」

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1322932

Thomas Stanley, 33, received first aid from runners and officials at the Elk City State Park race on Saturday, but died from his injuries, police said. His wife received the race medal on his behalf, local media reported.

警方表示，週六在麋鹿城州立公園的比賽中，其他跑者與工作人員立刻給予33歲的湯瑪斯．史丹利急救，但他仍不幸傷重過世。當地媒體報導，最後史丹利的妻子代替他領取獎牌。

In a Facebook post on Sunday, the organisers of the FlatRock race wrote： "Thomas’ family says that the chances of being killed by a lightning strike are about one in a million, and Thomas was truly a one-in-a-million guy." Mrs Stanley wrote that she had "lost my best friend, father of our babies, and love" in a Facebook post.

活動主辦單位「FlatRock」週日在「臉書」發文表示，「湯瑪斯的家人說，一個人被雷劈死的機率是萬分之一，湯瑪斯真的是萬中選一之人」。史丹利的妻子則在臉書寫道，她「失去最好的朋友、孩子的爸爸，以及摯愛」。

The National Weather Service （NWS） reports 17 others have been killed by lightning across the US this year. According to the NWS, there is a one in 15,300 chance of being hit by lightning during an 80-year lifespan, and only 10% who are struck are killed.

美國國家氣象局（ＮＷＳ）指出，今年美國還有17人被雷劈死。ＮＷＳ的數據顯示，在一個人80年的壽命中，被雷打到的機率只有1萬5300分之1，其中只有一成會因此而死。

英倫翻譯轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1323380

The ride-hailing company announced Tuesday that riders with ratings that are ’’significantly below average’’ may lose access to the app, part of a rollout of the company’s updated community guidelines, which riders must abide by to continue using the service.

這家叫車公司週二宣布，評分「大幅低於平均值」的乘客，可能會無法存取Uber的app，為該公司的更新版社區守則的一環，乘客若要持續使用該公司的服務，就必須遵守這些守則。

Uber, however, said that bans for bad behavior won’t come as a surprise to offending passengers. Riders will receive several notifications before they lose access to the app, the company said.

不過，Uber也說，不會突然以行為不佳為由禁止叫車以致冒犯到乘客。該公司說，乘客會先接獲數次通知，然後才會無法存取app。

And they also will have opportunities to improve their rating to remain in good standing. Tips to boost a user’s rating include：’’encouraging polite behavior, avoiding leaving trash in the vehicle and avoiding requests for drivers to exceed the speed limit,’’ Uber said.

而且乘客也有機會改善其評分以維持好名聲。提升使用者評分的秘訣包括：「鼓勵禮貌行為，避免在車內留下垃圾，與避免要求司機超速，」Uber說。

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1322297

With the deadline looming before the Central Bank of Kenya bans all old edition 1,000 shilling notes, big fish with their fortunes stashed in cash are under pressure.

隨著肯亞中央銀行禁止所有舊版千元先令流通的日期逼近，握有大筆現金的大人物備感壓力。

A new print of the 1,000 shilling banknote, the largest denomination, was rolled out in June. The operation is aimed at flushing out dirty money being hoarded by tax evaders, crooked businessmen and criminal groups. The central bank in June said there were roughly 218 million 1,000 shilling notes in circulation.

最大面額1000先令的新版紙鈔在六月推出，這項行動旨在迫使逃稅者、奸商和犯罪集團，釋出積存的來歷不明財富。肯亞央行六月表示，約有2.18億張千元先令在市面流通。

People are getting creative, devising schemes to quickly unload small amounts of their cash. For example, a liquor shop owner gets 500,000 shillings every day to bank together with his daily sales, as a deal with a wealthy guy, and get between five and 10 percent in return.（AFP）

人們開始想方設法，擬定可以迅速脫手小額現金的方法。例如，一名酒商和有錢人達成協議，每天幫對方將50萬先令，連同自家營業額存進銀行，藉此收取5%到10%的回饋。（法新社）

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1322040

"We must do everything possible to avert the great fracture and maintain a universal system, a universal economy with universal respect for international law; a multipolar world with strong multilateral institutions," Guterres told presidents, prime ministers, monarchs and ministers from the UN’s 193 member states.

古特瑞斯告訴聯合國193個會員國的總統、首相、君主及部長：「我們必須盡其所能地阻止巨大裂痕，維持一個普遍性的體系，一個一致尊重國際法的共同經濟；一個具有強大多邊機構的多極世界。」

Guterres warned global leaders of the looming risk of the world splitting in two, with the United States and China creating rival internets, currency, trade, financial rules and their own zero-sum geopolitical and military strategies.

古特瑞斯警告全球領袖，世界有一分為二的逼近風險，美國和中國創造出敵對的網路、貨幣、貿易及金融規則，以及各自的零和地緣政治及軍事戰略。

Guterres also told global leaders that the planet was facing a climate crisis, spreading terrorism, exploding inequality, and the alarming possibility of a conflict in the Persian Gulf.

古特瑞斯還告訴全球領袖，這個星球正面臨氣候危機、恐怖主義擴散、爆發的不平等，以及波斯灣衝突告急的可能性。

英倫翻譯轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1321567

The process can be onerous － items like plastic bags and bottles must be washed and dried to facilitate recycling, and the parts of an item should be sent to the right container. Many parts of Japan already require separation of rubbish, with the bulk of household waste going to incinerators.

這個過程可能很繁雜，塑膠袋和瓶子等垃圾須先洗淨並晾乾，以加速回收流程，而且垃圾的各個組件也得放入對應的回收箱。日本許多地方已要求進行垃圾分類，家庭垃圾絕大多數送往焚化爐。

In 2000, the town was ordered to shut down one of its incinerators because it no longer met stricter emissions standards. The other incinerator couldn’t handle all of Kamikatsu’s waste, and there wasn’t enough money for a new one or to pay a neighboring town for use of theirs.

2000年，上勝町被勒令關閉一座焚化爐，因為無法符合更嚴格的排放標準。另一座焚化爐負擔不了該鎮所有垃圾，當局也沒有經費蓋新的，或付錢使用鄰鎮的焚化爐。

"If we can’t burn waste in the town, then let’s recycle. It’s much cheaper," said town official Midori Suga.（AFP）

上勝町官員須賀翠說：「如果鎮上不能焚燒垃圾，那就來回收吧！這樣做省錢多了。」（法新社）

英倫翻譯社轉自https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1320612

Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by four fold.

科學家發現，吃黑巧克力或能將患憂鬱症的風險降低4倍。

While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did.

在接受調查的1.3萬人中，曾出現憂鬱症狀的人比例為7.6%，而僅有1.5%吃巧克力的人曾出現憂鬱症狀。

The study by University College London （UCL）, the University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services Canada, also found that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.

英國倫敦大學學院、加拿大卡加利大學和亞伯達省衛生服務部門進行的這項調查還發現，食用任何種類巧克力最多的人，出現憂鬱症狀的可能性比其他人要低57%。

Lead author Dr Sarah Jackson, of UCL’s Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, said： "This study provides some evidence that consumption of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, may be associated with reduced odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms."