英倫翻譯社/ Trsmaster

《牛津線上字典》(Oxford Dictionary Online, ODO) 日前公布該字典本季所收錄的新單字，有近 40 個之多，茲舉其中幾個字加以說明，餘者請參考英文解釋：

• dog food：(動詞) 使用自己或自己公司所生產的產品 － 尤其是程式軟體 － 以便在上市前進行測試。事實上，這個片語也可當名詞用，如 "eat one’s own dog food" (這意思跟 "to dog food" 是一樣的)。
• e-cigarette：(名詞) 電子菸。
• e-learning：(名詞) 線上學習。
• genius：(形容詞) (舊詞新義) 非常聰明的；絕頂聰明的。
• lolz：(名詞 － 複數型) 好玩；大笑；娛樂。lol 原為 laugh out loud (大笑) 的縮寫。
• mansion tax：(名詞) 豪宅稅。
• micropig：(名詞) 迷你豬。
• mwahahaha：(感嘆詞) 表示大笑「哇哈哈」。
• OH：(名詞) 另一半。指一個人的太太、先生或同居人，為 other half 的縮寫，主要用於電子通訊。
• photobomb：(動詞) 亂入他人照片。指在別人拍照時突然出現在鏡頭前，通常是基於惡搞或開玩笑的目的。名詞為 photobombing。
• ridic：(形容詞) 可笑的；荒謬的；滑稽的。為 ridiculous 的縮寫。
• soul patch：(名詞) 男子下嘴唇正下方的一小撮鬍子。.
• tweeps：(名詞 － 複數型) 某人在社群網站「推特」(Twitter) 上的粉絲。
• UI：(名詞) 使用者介面。為 user interface 的縮寫。
• vajazzle：(動詞) 以水晶、亮片或其他裝飾物裝飾女子的私處。
• Wikipedian：(名詞) 維基人。參與維基百科條目的編輯和撰寫者。

《牛津線上字典》 本季所收錄的新單字一覽表：

1. date night, n.: a prearranged occasion on which an established couple, esp. one with children, go for a night out together.
2. dirty martini, n.: a cocktail made with gin (or vodka), dry vermouth, and a small amount of olive brine, typically garnished with a green olive.
3. dog food, v. [new sense, chiefly computing]: (of a company’s staff) use a product or service developed by that company so as to test it before it is made available to customers.
4. douche, n. [new sense]: an obnoxious or contemptible person. Alsodouchey, adj.
5. Dunbar’s number, n.: a theoretical limit to the number of people with whom any individual is able to sustain a stable or meaningful social relationship (usually considered to be roughly 150).
6. e-cigarette, n.: another term for electronic cigarette.
7. e-learning, n.: learning conducted via electronic media, typically on the Internet.
8. ethical hacker, n.: a person who hacks into a computer network in order to test or evaluate its security, rather than with malicious or criminal intent.
9. genius, adj. [new sense]: very clever or ingenious.
10. group hug, n.: a number of people gathering together to hug each other, typically to provide support or express solidarity.
11. guilty pleasure, n.: something, such as a film, television programme, or piece of music, that one enjoys despite feeling that it is not generally held in high regard.
12. hackathon, n.: an event, typically lasting several days, in which a large number of people meet to engage in collaborative computer programming.
13. hat tip, n.: (in online contexts) used as an acknowledgement that someone has brought a piece of information to the writer’s attention, or provided the inspiration for a piece of writing.
14. hosepipe ban, n.: an official restriction on the use of hosepipes, imposed by a particular water company on its customers during a water shortage.
15. inbox, v.: send a private message or an email to (someone, typically another member of a social networking site or Internet message board).
16. lifecasting, n.: the practice of broadcasting a continuous live flow of video material on the Internet which documents one’s day-to-day activities.
17. lolz, pl. n.: fun, laughter, or amusement.
18. manage expectations, phr.: seek to prevent disappointment by establishing in advance what can realistically be achieved or delivered by a project, undertaking, course of action, etc.
19. mansion tax, n.: a tax levied on residential properties worth more than a certain amount.
20. micro pig, n.: a pig of a very small, docile, hairless variety, sometimes kept as a pet.
21. mood disorder, n.: a psychological disorder characterized by the elevation or lowering of a person’s mood, such as depression or bipolar disorder.
22. mwahahaha, exclamation: used to represent laughter, esp. manic or cackling laughter such as that uttered by a villainous character in a cartoon or comic strip.
23. NFC, abbrev.: near field communication, a technology allowing the short-range wireless intercommunication of mobile phones and other devices for purposes such as making payments.
24. OH, n.: a person’s wife, husband, or partner (used in electronic communication).
25. photobomb, v.: spoil a photograph of (a person or thing) by suddenly appearing in the camera’s field of view as the picture is taken, typically as a prank or practical joke (n.: photobombing).
26. ridic, adj.: ridiculous (abbrev.).
27. ripped, adj. [new sense]: having well-defined or well-developed muscles; muscular.
28. soul patch, n.: a small tuft of facial hair directly below a man’s lower lip.
29. takeaway, n. [new sense]: a key fact, point, or idea to be remembered, typically one emerging from a discussion or meeting.
30. tweeps, pl. n.: a person’s followers on the social networking site Twitter.
31. UI, n.: short for ‘user interface’.
32. user experience, n.: the overall experience of a person using a product such as a website or a computer application, esp. in terms of how easy or pleasing it is to use (also UX, n.).
33. vajazzle, v.: adorn the pubic area (of a woman) with crystals, glitter, or other decoration.
34. video chat, n.: a face-to-face conversation held over the Internet by means of webcams and dedicated software.
35. vote, v. [new sense: vote someone/thing off the island]: dismiss or reject someone or something as unsatisfactory [with reference to the reality television Survivor).
36. Wikipedian, n.: a person who contributes to the collaboratively written online encyclopedia Wikipedia, esp. on a regular basis.
37. 3D printing, n.: a process for making a physical object from a three-dimensional digital model, typically by laying down many successive thin layers of a material