◎陳維真
Smoking "rots" the brain by damaging memory, learning and reasoning, according to researchers at King’s College London.
倫敦國王學院的研究人員表示，吸菸會損害記憶、學習與推理能力，「腐蝕」大腦。
A study of 8,800 people over 50 showed high blood pressure and being overweight also seemed to affect the brain, but to a lesser extent. Scientists involved said people needed to be aware that lifestyles could damage the mind as well as the body.
一份調查8800名50歲以上民眾的研究顯示，高血壓與過重可能也會影響大腦，但影響程度較小。參與的科學家表示，大家必須注意生活型態，因為它不只影響心理，也影響身體。
Researchers at King’s were investigating links between the likelihood of a heart attack or stroke and the state of the brain. The results showed that the overall risk of a heart attack or stroke was "significantly associated with cognitive decline" with those at the highest risk showing the greatest decline.
國王學院的研究人員針對心臟病發作或中風可能性與腦部狀態的關連性展開研究。結果顯示，心臟病發作或中風的整體風險與「認知退化有顯著關連」，最可能發生心臟病發作或中風的人，認知退化最嚴重。
It also said there was a "consistent association" between smoking and lower scores in the tests.
研究同時指出，抽菸與腦部測驗分數較低「有所關連」。
Dr Simon Ridley, from Alzheimer’s Research UK, said： "Research has repeatedly linked smoking and high blood pressure to a greater risk of cognitive decline and dementia, and this study adds further weight to that evidence."
英國阿茲海默症研究協會的里德利博士表示，「研究一再指出抽菸與高血壓會使認知退化與失智的機率增加，這項研究再度證實過去的研究結果。」
"Cognitive decline as we age can develop into dementia, and unravelling the factors that are linked to this decline could be crucial for finding ways to prevent the condition."
「隨著逐漸老化而出現的認知退化，會演變成失智症，闡明與認知退化有關連的因素，對找出預防方法而言至關重要。」
新聞辭典
extent：名詞，程度、限度、範圍。例句：Everyone will have to compromise to some extent.（每個人都要做出某種程度的妥協。）
add weight to：片語，進一步證明、擴大影響。例句：Their new finding add weight to the theory. （他們的新發現更證實了這項理論。）
unravel：動詞，闡明、弄清、解決。例句：They were attempting to unravel the cause of death.（他們正試圖釐清死因。）
文章出處：自由時報電子報中英對照新聞
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